Saturday, August 31, 2019
He investigated the case with great careââ¬Â¦ Essay
This sentence introduces Dr Roylott as a unlawful, therefore he is easily a suspect as his bad history reflects his bad character. It also shows in the story that she did not have a happy life living with her stepfather as he was not a very pleasant man. As a detective he deduces who killed Julia, he works it out by studying all the facts he has got, he asks many questions to uncover more clues and to crack the mystery, ââ¬Å"I believe Mr Holmes you already made up your mindâ⬠. This suggests that Sherlock Holmes after gathering the information has decided who is tom blame and knows what to expect, this creates mystery and tension because this again has engaged the reader as if Sherlock has come to a conclusion using the clues and information then they could also solve it, this makes them read on because if they have an answer in mind, they want to read on to find the truth. Helen explains the mysterious death, in such depth; this creates tension because the reader wants to know how all the clues can be linked up to solve the mystery. Sherlock asks questions about the bell rope and the saucer of milk, this creates tensions as it hints to the reader that these clues are somehow have a connection to the mystery as he is interested in these objects for a reason. Doyle builds tensions through Dr Roylott as he is portrayed as the villain from the beginning, as Helen is describing him, ââ¬Å"a series of disgraceful brawls took placeâ⬠¦ until at last he became the terror of the villageâ⬠¦ â⬠this sentence creates more tensions as he is represented as the bad character, however the gypsies are also mentioned in the story, there is also a light chance they may be to blame as they are stereotyped as people who are ill mannered and have no respect and also there are many clues linked to the gypsies being the villain, ââ¬Å"Sometimes I have thought that it was merely the wild talk of delirium, sometimes that it may have referred to some band of people. I do not know whether the spotted handkerchiefs which so many of them wear over their heads might have suggested the strange adjectives which she usedâ⬠. This quote adds mystery as the gypsies also fit the character of the villain, ill mannered, violent and also fit in the clues. Dr Roylott is portrayed also as an unattractive man, ââ¬Å"a large face seared with a thousand wrinkles and marked with every evil passion was turned from one the other of us while his deepset blue eyes and his high thin fleshless nose gave him somewhat the resemblance to a fierce old bird of preyâ⬠, this sentence refer to him as ugly, this reflects his behaviour as he has not got the best personality and also is being described to an animal, a prey is associated with fierce and a negative creature. Dr Roylott is shown as such a ferocious person with such bad characteristics, it would be almost as if ââ¬Ëhis character and appearances fitted the crimeââ¬â¢, however even if Dr Roylott is the villain, the reader is more engaged to the story as they still have questions unanswered, what is the speckled band? If Dr Roylott killed Julia, what is the reason? , and the most important and infamous question in the story, how was she killed? The resemblance to a fierce old prey is used this makes Dr Roylott look like an evil person as preys are associated and linked with negative feelings and imagery, it also says, ââ¬Å"A thousand wrinkles and marked with every evil passion, burned yellow with the sunâ⬠, this description makes him appear old but yet fierce at the same time. It says in the sentence that his face is marked with every evil passion; this may be a hint from Doyle as only as an evil person would carry out such an evil act. The description affects the reader as he is portrayed as a stereotypical villain throughout the story. This creates tension and mystery as he is revealed as such a violent and aggressive man, there is a fear towards him as he has an ââ¬Ëuncontrollable temperââ¬â¢ which is shown throughout the story, and this causes the reader to be uncomfortable as he is still on the loose and therefore could easily harm Helen. Doyle uses language to create mystery and tension through the story by Sherlock asking questions, which make the reader think how the questions are relevant to the mystery. ââ¬Å"Was your sister dressed? â⬠this creates tension as the readers mind will immediately start wondering how this question will makes Holmes any closer to solving the mystery. Doyle also creates tension in this quote, ââ¬Å"and what conclusion did the coroner come to? â⬠He investigated the case with great careâ⬠¦ â⬠this creates mystery as even the coroner found the death as a mystery, this makes the reader have hope in Holmes to find out and succeed, also this quote continues by saying all entrances to Juliaââ¬â¢s room was locked or shut therefore her death must have been caused by something or someone in her room, but the mystery still remains, what got in to her room and how it entered the room? In the story gypsies play a part, were there gypsies in the plantation at this time? This quote shows that there is a small possibility the gypsies could be to blame, as they have an infamous character and attitude throughout the Victorian times and the story. Also the title ââ¬Ëthe adventure of the speckled bandââ¬â¢ and how could this relate to the mystery. Holmes figured out that Dr Roylott is also violent towards Helen, ââ¬Å"Five little livid spots the marks of four fingers and a thumb were printed upon the white wristâ⬠this shows Helen is trying not to reveal Dr Roylott as a bad person, this may show that maybe in her mind Julia may know inside her that her step father is to blame however does not want to face the facts that he fits the perfect villain. Also the people Dr Roylott gets along with are the gypsies, this may show the reader his personality as he gets along with low class, bad mannered people, this may reflect his character. ââ¬Å"he had no friends at all save the wandering gypsiesâ⬠, quote shows that he is unpleasant to anyone either, he gets along with gypsies , gypsies re associated with ill mannered and rude behaviour and have got a bad label in society in the Victorian time and in the modern day society. Doyle adds repetition on the clues as it adds emphasis also he may use repetition to give the reader that the clue he is repeating has an importance to the story. He repeats to Helen the importance of how he needs to know the full details. Helenââ¬â¢s speech includes a variety of descriptive writing. ââ¬Å"there burst forth the wild scream of a terrified women,â⬠this quote adds tension as Julia screamed before her death therefore something must have caused her to scream. ââ¬Å"I seemed to hear a low whistleâ⬠, this quote adds tension as the reader has no clue what this whistle could be but is definitely linked to the mystery, an also the metal clanging sound causes tension as the reader cannot suspect how the noises intervene with the death. ââ¬Å"Her face blanched with terror, her hands groping for helpâ⬠, in this sentence it uses a sense of imagery as you can imagine what state Julia is in, and the tension gets built as the reader is eager to find out how did she end up in such a dreadful state. ââ¬Å"She stabbed her finger into the air in the direction of the doctorââ¬â¢s roomâ⬠, this sentence is a big clue that her death is obviously related to Dr Roylottââ¬â¢s room or she would never have pointed towards his room. When Dr Roylott is inspecting the room, this has a great importance to the story as this part of the story slowly unveils the important clues to solve the mystery. When Holmes is inspecting the room he finds out about the ventilator and wonders if this links with Juliaââ¬â¢s death. He works out that Dr Roylott has a cheetah living in his room as there is a saucer of milk and a leash. The part of the story where the reader fears fro Helen is when she returns home after visiting Sherlock Holmes, the reader is informed about Dr Roylottââ¬â¢s anger and are worried what Dr Roylott may do to Helen when she returns home. Towards the end of the story the mystery is solved, Dr Roylott had been training the deadliest snake in India to climb through the ventilator and to return when hearing a whistling noise. The speckled band relates to the snake as the snake had a ââ¬Ëparticular yellow band with brownish specklesââ¬â¢. At the end of the story the reader feels relieved that Dr Roylott has been caught and also that he is dead, so he cannot cause any more trouble to anyone the villagers or any more distress to Helen. This is a typical ending as the villain is caught and is dead, therefore cannot continue to cause any more misery.He investigated the case with great careâ⬠¦Thahmeena Miah English Miss Limb Show preview only The above preview is unformatted text This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our GCSE Arthur Conan Doyle section.
Friday, August 30, 2019
The Return: Nightfall Preface
Ste-fan? Elena was frustrated. She couldn't make the mind-word come out the way she wanted. ââ¬Å"Stefan,â⬠he coaxed, leaning on an elbow and looking at her with those eyes that always made her almost forget what she was trying to say. They shone like green spring leaves in the sunlight. ââ¬Å"Stefan,â⬠he repeated. ââ¬Å"Canyou say it, lovely love?â⬠Elena looked back at him solemnly. He was so handsome that he broke her heart, with his pale, chiseled features and his dark hair falling carelessly across his forehead. She wanted to put into words all the feelings that were piled behind her clumsy tongue and stubborn mind. There was so much she needed to ask himâ⬠¦and to tell him. But the sounds wouldn't come yet. They tangled on her tongue. She couldn't even send it telepathically to him ââ¬â it all came as fragmented images. After all, it was only the seventh day of her new life. Stefan told her that when she'd first woken up, first come back from the Other Side after her death as a vampire, she'd been able to walk and talk and do all sorts of things that she seemed to have forgotten now. He didn't know why she'd forgotten ââ¬â he'd never known anyone who'd come back from death except vampires ââ¬â which Elena had been, but certainly was no longer. Stefan had also told her excitedly that she was learning like wildfire every day. New pictures, new thought-words. Even though sometimes it was easier to communicate than others, Stefan was sure she would be herself again someday soon. Then she would act like the teenager she really was. She would no longer be a young adult with a childlike mind, the way the spirits had clearly wanted her to be: growing, seeing the world with new eyes, the eyes of a child. Elena thought that the spirits had been a little unfair. What if Stefan found someone in the meantime who could walk and talk ââ¬â and write, even? Elena worried over this. That was why, some nights ago, Stefan had woken up to find her gone from her bed. He had found her in the bathroom, poring anxiously over a newspaper, trying to make sense of the little squiggles that she knew were words she once recognized. The paper was dotted with the marks of her tears. The squiggles meant nothing to her. ââ¬Å"But why, love? You'll learn to read again. Why rush?â⬠That was before he saw the bits of pencil, broken from too hard a grip, and the carefully hoarded paper napkins. She had been using them to try to imitate the words. Maybe if she could write like other people, Stefan would stop sleeping in his chair and would hold her on the big bed. He wouldn't go looking for someone older or smarter. He wouldknow she was a grown-up. She saw Stefan put this together slowly in his mind, and she saw the tears come to his eyes. He had been brought up to think he was never allowed to cry no matter what happened. But he had turned his back on her and breathed slowly and deeply for what seemed like a very long time. And then he had picked her up, taken her to the bed in his room, and looked into her eyes and said, ââ¬Å"Elena, tell me what you want me to do. Even if it's impossible, I'll do it. I swear it. Tell me.â⬠All the words she wanted to think to him were still jammed up inside her. Her own eyes spilled tears, which Stefan dabbed off with his fingers, as if he could ruin a priceless painting by touching it too roughly. Then Elena turned her face up, and shut her eyes, and pursed her lips slightly. She wanted a kiss. Butâ⬠¦ ââ¬Å"You're just a child in your mind now,â⬠Stefan agonized. ââ¬Å"How can I take advantage of you?â⬠There was a sign language they had had, back in her old life, which Elena still remembered. She would tap under her chin, just where it was softest: once, twice, three times. It meant she felt uncomfortable, inside. As if she were too full in her throat. It meant she wantedâ⬠¦ Stefan groaned. ââ¬Å"Ican'tâ⬠¦.â⬠Tap, tap, tapâ⬠¦ ââ¬Å"You're not back to your old self yetâ⬠¦.â⬠Tap, tap, tapâ⬠¦ ââ¬Å"Listen to me, loveâ⬠¦.â⬠TAP! TAP! TAP! She gazed at him with pleading eyes. If she could have spoken, she would have said, Please, give me some credit ââ¬â I'm not totally stupid. Please, listento what I can't say to you. ââ¬Å"You hurt. You're really hurting,â⬠Stefan had interpreted, with something like dazed resignation. ââ¬Å"I ââ¬â if I ââ¬â if I only take a littleâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ And then suddenly Stefan's fingers had been cool and sure, moving her head, lifting it, turning it at just this angle, and then she had felt the twin bites, which convinced her more than anything she was alive and not a spirit anymore. Andthen she had been very sure that Stefan loved her and no one else, and she could tell Stefan some of the things she wanted to. But she had to tell them in little exclamations ââ¬â not of pain ââ¬â with stars and comets and streaks of light falling around her. And Stefan had been the one who had not been able to think a single word to her. Stefan was the one struck mute. Elena felt that was only fair. After that, he held her at night and she was always happy.
Thursday, August 29, 2019
Pregnant women who have more exposure to higher pollution areas are at Essay
Pregnant women who have more exposure to higher pollution areas are at more of risk for having children with autism - Essay Example This is the most recent in several similar studies to suggest this although it is the first national study. The suspect agents include diesel exhaust, mercury, manganese, lead, methylene chloride and nickel. Pollutants of this nature present in the atmosphere pose a higher risk to mothers in these areas for giving birth to children with autism. Mercury and diesel exhaust were found to pose the highest risk. Other researchers argue that there is a higher risk of autistic children being born to mothers living in areas polluted with several industrial pollutants. Windham et al. (2006), suggested that a potential association exists between autism and other elements of environmental pollution such as metal particles and possible solvents in the atmosphere. Pregnant women who lived near San Francisco bay and exposed to environmental pollutants were susceptible to autism spectrum disorders. This is due to the particulate matter in air and vaporization of mercury from asphalt during hot weather causing increased exposure to higher than normal levels of contamination. Windham et al. (2006) suggested that areas with increased concentrations of hazardous pollutants are at more risk of experiencing autism disorders. This also occurs along the west coast where there are increased ambient levels of particulate pollutants blown in from Asian countries that are the largest producers of these pollutant s from coal burning in power production plants. These pollutants are neurotoxins that cross the placental barrier to the baby during development in the womb and cause genetic changes leading to defective genes. These genes disrupt brain development by causing a breakdown in the process in the fetus and cause autism. According to Kalkbrenner et al., (2014), this may also be by retarding natural nervous system development or by hindering immune cells from assisting more efficient neuron
Wednesday, August 28, 2019
Financial and Mortgage Services Industry Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words
Financial and Mortgage Services Industry - Essay Example Furthermore it will give us an external environment overview of the strategic tools used to understand market growth or decline, business position, potential and direction for operations. The Basel II Regulations are expected to reshape the entire financial services industry by creating new classes of competitors based on their risk-measurement and value-measurement technologies. These guidelines pose serious threats to both real estate lending by commercial banks and the viability of the entire industry since higher capital charges could reduce available capital for commercial real estate. [5] Sarbanes-Oxley developed a private, nonprofit corporation, to ensure that financial statements are audited according to independent standards. It also holds chief executives and chief financial officers directly responsible for the accuracy of financial statements. The law seeks to rule out conflicts that would make securities analysts less than objective and gives board audit committees rather than CEOs or chief financial officers full control of auditors. [3] The new regulations for mutual funds to have 75% independents in the board of directors and have an independent mutual fund chairman of the board represent one of the most drastic changes. These rules will require the search and hiring of new members to meet the regulations as a result, a shortage of potential candidates may be experienced. These regulations can be good or bad for a company depending on the quality of decisions taken at the time of appointing new directors and chairperson. [7] Hedge Funds Regulations With the increasing growth of hedge funds in the market, the regulations to monitor them are becoming more practical in the near future. [6] Regulations for New Entrants Some regulations regarding the minimum capital requirements for a company act as a barrier to new firms trying to enter the industry. Along with this investment and technological input costs are difficult to meet for these new entrants. [6] Economic Forces Federal Interest Rate Hikes The changing of the fund rate has the most impact on short-term rates. The raising or lowering of this rate will affect interest rates on mortgages, credit cards, and home equity lines of credit. When the target rate is raised, consumers pay more interest. When the rate is lowered, they pay less. These rate hikes will also affect credit cards since credit card interest rates are tied to the prime rate, which is subject to the actions of the Fed. As the rate increases tend move slowly to credit cards because issuers re-price cards once a quarter, the rate increase will be seen in the near future. [8] Declining Personal Savings Rate In September 2005, the personal saving rate as a percentage of disposable income was negative implying US consumers spent more than 100% of their monthly post-tax income. This decline in savings can be bad for the economy as there will be lesser investment and the financial sector can suffer. [4] Compliance Costs for Small Firms U.S. businesses
Tuesday, August 27, 2019
Research, Evidenced-Based Practice and global health Essay
Research, Evidenced-Based Practice and global health - Essay Example Nurses like all healthcare professionals have the responsibility and privilege of providing the best possible care for their patients in order to quickly relieve them of their illness or at the very least, make their lives more comfortable despite having a particular disease or physical handicap. Getting the best patient outcome in the least amount of time can be achieved through many different ways; however, there are a lot of considerations that needs to be factored in before taking on a course of treatment for a patient. Evidence-based Practice (EBP) is an integrative and dynamic approach to patient care that has been proven effective in many different hospitals and on thousands of patients from around the world. Because of its successes, EBP should be used as the standard for patient care for nurses both here and abroad. There has been a significant increase in the amount of healthcare literature generated all around the world. Every year, millions of dollars get channeled into funding for these endeavors. These literary resources were primarily developed in order to find new or improve the techniques, equipment, and nurseââ¬â¢s or other health care professionalââ¬â¢s approach to be used in providing the best possible care and or treatment for patients (Majid et al., 2011). Research and nursing literature are not the only source of knowledge that can be applied to make patient care better. The experience acquired by nurses in the conduct of their profession can also contribute greatly in making decisions on the best method to be implemented for a patientââ¬â¢s treatment. The decision making process for patient care should also be in accordance with local and international standards, as well as take into consideration the individual needs, and values of the patient. Evidence-based practice i ntegrates all these considerations
Monday, August 26, 2019
Dq-4-Terence Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words
Dq-4-Terence - Essay Example n of Research Objectives; this is the second step that should be undertaken when implementing the research design, specifically, it entails the formulation of clear objectives, which are achievable and realistic. Objectives are usually applied to facilitate or guide the study for instance in this study, the objectives could be (Bryman & Cramer, 2011): To assess the psychological effects of the 2010 murder on Northern Illinois University Faculty, students and Parents; to explore how affected persons manage psychological stress concerning the murder and; to investigate actions taken by the faculty to prevent such incidences. 3. Determination of Types and Sources of Data needed; there are different dimensions of data; however, the researcher should identify and determine the types of data needed to for the research (Yin, 2011). This information should be clearly stated in the research. In the case provided, sources of data that could be used include; secondary data, which basically involve documented or already researched information as well as primary sources of data, which involves first hand information collected from the research field collected through interviews, questionnaires et cetera. 4. Data Collection Techniques; in this case, the researcher will identify reliable, appropriate and realistic methods of data collection. This information should be state clearly within the research. In the Illinois Case Study, the research would use primary data collection techniques such as; questionnaires focus groups, observation as well a action research. Additionally, a research secondary data sources can also be undertaken through critical research techniques as well as analysis (Salkind, 2011). 5. Scope of the Study; in this step, the researcher should clearly identify and state the scope of the study, basically indicating the specific sample size and geographical coverage of the study for example: The study of effects of 2010 murder on faculty members, parents and
Sunday, August 25, 2019
Physical Chemistry Lab Report Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words - 1
Physical Chemistry - Lab Report Example Technically, incorporation of lead into the brass increases the mechanical properties the alloy. On the other hand, substantial concentration of copper imparts germicidal and antimicrobial properties into the brass alloyi. In laboratory settings, methods used to quantitatively determine the amounts of heavy elements in alloys include Gravimetric analysis, Anodic Stripping Voltammetry, and Atomic Absorbance Spectroscopy among others. Each of these quantitative determination methods possesses particular advantages, setbacks, and accuracy and precision levels. In the experiment, Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy was used to measure the amounts of lead and copper in brass. Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy is a versatile quantitative technique capable of analyzing presence of over 70 elements. Technically, this technique functions by exploiting the atomization properties in form of electronic transition of elementsââ¬â¢ atoms in gaseous phases. After atomization, light absorption level of atoms is detected and Beerââ¬â¢s law of absorbance vs. concentration is used to determine the quantity of analytes in the atomized samples. Besides Atomic Absorbance Spectroscopy, the experiment employed Gravimetric analysis in the determination of lead in brass. Despite being one of the oldest methods in quantitative analysis, the gravimetric technique remains accurate and precise when used for determination of metals with insoluble salts like lead. Finally, the experiment employed Anodic Stripping Voltammetry in determination of copper. Anodic Stripping Voltammetry relies on the electric conductivity of analytes, and is specifically suited for quantitative analysis of minute traces of heavy metalsii. Subsequent sections of this lab report contain procedural steps, results and discussions pertaining to application of the three aforementioned quantitative determination techniques. Based on theoretical procedures provided, stock solutions of unknown brass,
Saturday, August 24, 2019
Individual Experiencing Health & Social Care Essay - 1
Individual Experiencing Health & Social Care - Essay Example This protected mealtime initiative ââ¬Å"encourages the suspension of all non-urgent clinical activity on wards during mealtimes. During this time patients can eat their meals without interruptions and nursing staff are available to offer help to those who need it. In the Chief Medical Officerââ¬â¢s Annual Report, it was recognized that the initiative had been successful and should be introduced in all hospitals.â⬠(Nutritional Care Group Report 2008) This policy can only be effective, though, if the patients are able to eat most, if not all of the food that is meant for them. A good diet will go a long way in improving a patients chance to recover fully, and overcome malnutrition and the risk of inspection. Protecting mealtimes helps in tackling poor nutrition and can also reduce the long term costs of healthcare. Also, some Patients might have special dentition needs and may have difficulties eating hard food may need softer meals. Protected, regular meals taken in a calm, unhurried and social atmosphere will promote the eating of such soft meals. Thus, there can be marked improvement in the nutritional intake of these patients, especially those who can be moved from their bedrooms to a suitable dining area during the protected mealtimes. Protecting mealtimes also creates a social atmosphere of communal dining, which can support increased food consumption on the part of the patients due to encouragement and the interaction of the staff and patients. Communal Dining environments are often more ââ¬Å"home-likeâ⬠or usual experiences for patients than eating off an over bed tray, either in or beside a bed, which in turn supports optimal intake. According to Simon Williams, ââ¬Å"Making sure that our patients get the opportunity to eat and enjoy appetizing and nutritious food is one of the most important aspects of nursing care. Research shows that over forty per cent of people who come
Friday, August 23, 2019
The Water You drink Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words
The Water You drink - Essay Example This is done by the Aqua Viva Water Treatment Facility which also treats surface. This water is drawn from a number of springs, wells and mine sites. This water is then blended with surface water and disinfected before being distributed in the water system (Towne 123). An assessment conducted on the land uses revealed that the use of these lands poses low levels of risks to both ground water and Main canal water. Though water services department of the city of Yuma treats all water it provides, it is not responsible for amount of lead to them because it does not have the power to control the plumbing techniques used. Despite the high quality the water still has low levels of microbial contaminants, radioactive contaminants and inorganic contaminants (ADWR 23). Works cited Arizona department of water resources (ADWR). Assured and adequate water supply applications. Project files. ADWR Hydrology Division. 2008. Towne Douglas. Ambient groundwater quality in Yuma basin: a 1995 baseline s tudy, ADEQ Open File Report 98-7. Yuma County. 1998. Water Services Department of the City of Yuma. Annual water report: water testing performed in 2010. Water Services Department of the City of Yuma. 2010.
PepsiCo Restaurants Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words
PepsiCo Restaurants - Case Study Example Secondly, both businesses have the capabilities of growing as COC has invested in technology, which might end up being cost effective while CPK has replaced advertising with store openings, which is more profitable. In addition, COC has many clients around the globe, therefore this will benefit PepsiCo by enabling it to enter the new competitive market and supply its products to big entities in the globe. Concurrently, acquiring CPK will be beneficial to PepsiCo because CPK has committed employees, which will increase PepsiCoââ¬â¢s task force (Harvard business school 13). PepsiCo adds value to all its restaurant business because before it purchases any restaurant or launches a product, it formulates a strategic plan to direct it. In the restaurant industry, the strategic plan that guides PepsiCo believes that fast food restaurants will be on demand for the coming decades; therefore, it is a preferable business for investment (Harvard business school 6). To gauge the value that PepsiCo adds to these restaurants, one can consider the situation in Pizza Hut, Taco Bell and KFC. The cooperate resources and core skills that PepsiCo apply in its business include the marketing strategies, finance, operations, human resources and information systems (Harvard business school 3). ââ¬Å"Let us say that PepsiCo makes the acquisition of the two aforementioned companies, how should PepsiCo structure the reporting relationship of its newly acquired units with the rest of the company?â⬠After acquiring CPK and COC, PepsiCo CEO will structure his reporting so that he explains to the rest of the company that each of the acquired restaurants operates on its own, but they just collaborated to share their views. The COE will insist that they conduct their business transparently; concurrently, they are helping other businesses to grow (Harvard business school 10). The current organization of PepsiCo restaurants makes long-term sense because it is a great business operating at a fair
Thursday, August 22, 2019
Mass Communications Essay Example for Free
Mass Communications Essay Communication has developed and still continues to develop. Over the centuries, many forms of communication have developed that have made the transmission of messages among people faster and more efficient. These include the radio, television, the print media as well as telephones. With technology and globalization improving at a fast rate, certain factors have influenced the way these different channels of communication operate in ensuring their audiences are satisfied with the services they offer and also the media houses make profits. Some of the trends affecting the delivery of content are: convergence, increasing audience control, and media mobility. The focus of this essay is to analyze the impact and relevance of convergence, increasing audience control and media convergence on Radio. Radio is a means of communicating by using electromagnetic waves or frequencies to detect signals and transform them to sound and its history of radio can be dated back in the late 19th century. Back then, the radio was a simple device whose usefulness was seen during the wars and battles as it was used to send telegraphic messages to people fighting in far places. Since then, radio has developed and is used for other purposes such as educating, advertising, relying information and entertaining people. In addition, it has created a livelihood for many people who depend on it. ? Convergence Convergence refers to the way in which various communication systems are linked so as to foster faster and better ways or relaying information. Basically, it is the merging of technologies. In media, convergence is the linking of technology with media content as well as the communication networks. As technological improvements continue to advance as each day passes, people in the radio business have embraced the changes and have become better. Radios initially used to be big equipments; but they have been modified and transformed such that they can be small as the size if a pen. Convergence nowadays is seen by how the internet has linked up with radio such that people from any corner of the world can listen to different radio stations in other countries. Before the internet came to use in 1969, people could only listen to radio stations within their regions. ââ¬Å"The arrival of new digital communication technologies have facilitated the delivery of digital signals through various platforms and improved audio visual quality (Chan-Olmsted, 2006). â⬠With the advancements in digital technology and the internet, people can now choose on what they would like to listen and from anywhere. Internet has enabled people to listen to music online, download and upload whatever they like. Moreover, it has generated new experiences both socially and business wise such that people from different regions meet and interact and businesses can advertise their products to more people thus expanding their markets. Convergence is also being enhanced in radio in through pod casting such that individuals can download their favorite programs on MP3 players. The disadvantages that come with convergence is that mobiles such as the iphone and the internet are taking over the functions of the radio networks are slowly being eroded away. For radio stations to be able to tap on the convergence advantages , they need to have experts working for them that is the employees, employers as well as the private consultants who advice them. This will be good because they will always be keen and updated on what is happening so that they know whish areas need to be improved on or the ways in which technology will be incorporated into the system. Moreover, professional consultants will advice them on what competitors are doing so that the can also try similar strategies. ? Increasing audience control Nowadays, the audience especially the younger generation that is technologically more advanced and conversant with how things work influences the activities of radio stations. This is because what they listen to, read or watch determines there preferences. ââ¬Å"Although they have a variety of things to choose from, they are influencing time, prices and the portability of media use (Chan-Olmsted, 2006). â⬠These preferences make them request or demand for programs they like and even suggest for what things they would like to see. Since the audience is means everything to the radio owners, they are forced to give in to their customers requests. This has enabled radio stations to benefit from the customers ideas as they always work on improving their services and retain their audiences. The shortcomings of audience control is that media houses need to change the way they operate so as to meet the demands of customers and at the same time offer quality services. In doing so, they will have to invest on the latest machinery and technologies and sometimes they have to overstretch their budgets to do away with the pressure or sometimes they do not have the funds hence they risk losing their audience. ââ¬â¢ Media houses have to contemplate on how to internalize new technology and be responsive to the new media audience. Another disadvantage is that the audience once they do not get what they want, they will opt to down load things on the internet or shift to their competitors. ? Media Mobility Media mobility refers to the ease with which the technologies in communication can be accommodated and enhanced so as to diversify the uses of the radio. The radio while being serving as a communication channel also links technologies with customers, markets and technology. ââ¬Å"The globalization of mobility directly involves the way in which service integration and network integration relate to one another (Hardy, Malleus Mereur, 2002). â⬠Mobility can be seen in the way the radio is incorporated with various devices making it more portable and more flexible thus increasing the rate of acceptance. Most mobile phones nowadays have evolved and have radios. This was mainly a marketing strategy used by the mobile companies to attract the younger generation and we can say that it has helped in expanding the usage of telephone. Furthermore, some DVDs especially home theaters and televisions have been modified to perform many functions and the radio is one of them. The usage of radio has expanded to accommodate many things and people are always eager to know what will come next. All these coupled by various enhancements such as the ear pieces have made radio more attractive. The disadvantages that come with incorporating all these new things is that the focus shifts from the radio to the other devices as it is being used to complement the other functions of the device. In addition, the costs of certain software and hardware is high therefore this limits research at times especially now when the global economy and markets are not doing well. To tap on the advantages, radio companies will need to be regularly updated on new technologies as well as invest in training and educating their staff so that they become better at what they do as well as find better marketing strategies. In addition, radio companies need to budget properly so that they have enough funds to run their businesses as well as accommodate new strategies that are beneficial to the business. Conclusion These factors have greatly impacted the things we purchase and what we listen to. Moreover, they influenced and enabled businesses to develop and grow as they do their advertisements, promotions and marketing strategies using it. I as well as other Americans have been exposed to a variety of products thus making it easier to purchase commodities especially those manufactured in far off areas. We therefore need to support the work done by researchers as well as radio stations so as to benefit through things like media mobility which link the old and new systems. References Chan-Olmsted, S. M. (2006), Competitive Strategy for Media Firms: Strategic and Brand Management in Changing Media Markets. Routledge, p. 204 Hardy, D. , Malleus, G. Mereur. J. N. (2002). Networks: Internet, Telephony, Multimedia: Convergences and Complementarities. Translated by Michael Byrne,De Boeck Universite
Wednesday, August 21, 2019
SWOT and PESTEL analysis of StratSim
SWOT and PESTEL analysis of StratSim The StratSim is a growing and wide spread industry around the global among automobile sellers. Notwithstanding the economic and energy instabilities that led to decreased vehicle demand, sales revenues slowly grew as Gross Domestic Products (GDP) increased from period 1- 4, and remained constant in period 5, and inflation rate decreased from 2.5% in period 1 to 1.0% during period 3. However, in some circumstances, sales were increased and/or decreased as firms started making decisions. The 7 competitors were; firm A, B, C, D, E, F and G. Seven vehicle classes include Minivan (M), Family (F), Sports (S), Luxury (L), Utility (U) Economy (E), and Truck (T). Attributes considered were; performance, styling, quality, interior and safety. Furthermore, advertisement plays a significant role especially when firms are striving to create brand image, awareness as well as interests to target customers. Dealerships contributed in generating revenues through sales of a range of vehicles which in turn enabled the firm to increase its market share while maximising shareholders wealth. Firm B has had 3 vehicle classes, namely; Boss -Truck, Boffo Family and Buzzy Economy. 2.0 Strategic Analysis Strategy is the direction and scope of an organisation over the long term, which achieves advantage in a changing environment through the use of resources and competence aiming to fulfil shareholder expectations (Johnson et al, 2006, p 9). Figure 1, processes by which strategy is described and executed Source:http://www.12manage.com/description-deliberate-strategy.html. In a competitive business environment such as StratSim, analysing firms strategies is vital in order to enhance firm performance and customer satisfaction. 2.1 Strategic Intent Firm Bs mission was to become the leader in automobile industry worldwide by offering highly innovative vehicles to diverse customer segments aiming at consistently satisfying their dynamic needs. 2.2 Basic Strategy Firm B strategy was to provide high quality vehicles at premium price while trying to differentiate its vehicles from incumbents to avoid encouraging price war. By doing so, firm B was the leader twice in economy (Buzzy) car in period 2 and 5. To meet diverse customer tastes and preferences, the firm made minor upgrades to its vehicles during decision making periods, e.g. technology, promotion, advertising, etc. 2.3 External Analysis Scanning the macro-environment is vital since there are several factors that hinder firms performance and growth. In order for managers to come up with effective and suitable strategies that will enable the firm exploit overt and hidden opportunities while overcoming threats, those factors need to be thoroughly tackled before decisions are made. The external analyses considered were; The Michael Porters five forces. PESTEL analysis. Opportunities and Threats (OT) from SWOT analysis, And Critical Success Factors (CSF). 2.3.1 PESTEL PESTEL framework is a useful tool that is applied by organisations to analyse the complexity of macro-environment variables. It also provides a picture on how these key factors may influence firms success or failure of its particular strategies in future in order that managers can find ways of overcoming them. PESTEL refers to; political, economic, social, technology, environment and legal. Figure 2, PESTEL Framework Source: (Johnson et al, 2006. p 68) The Organisation Political Taxation policy Government stability Social welfare policies Foreign trade regulations Legal Health and safety Competition law Product safety Employment law Economic factors Business cycle Inflation Interest rates Unemployment GNP trends Money supply Disposable income Environmental Environmental protection laws Waste disposal Energy consumption Sociocultural factors Population Demographic Socio mobility Consumerism Income Distribution Lifestyle changes Level of Education Attitudes to work and leisure Technological Government spending on research Speed of technology transfer New discoveries/developments Government and industry focus on technological effort Rates of obsolescence Political/Legal Since 1960, laws and government regulations have affected the automobile industry (Highfill et al, November, 2004). Political changes may favour or hinder the firms production because anti-pollution laws and taxes can be imposed, and hence firm B should continuously pay special attention to any rules, codes and regulations that dwell on carbon-dioxide emissions. Economic During simulation, firm B had experienced unstable economic growth. Its variables like inflation, interest rates, gas prices, and material costs were fluctuated. These have affected the firms profitability. Social Due to increased health awareness, people tend to change their lifestyles, while turning to low carbon emission vehicles. Also income distribution and demographic changes both affect vehicle production either positively or negatively. Technology Advanced technology has provided both opportunities and threats to the automobile industry. Those who employ it effectively, it enables them to enhance firms efficiency in producing vehicles that appeal to customers whilst lowering costs. So far, internet and firm websites as part of technology have been used by many buyers as a reference tool before making their purchase decisions. Environmental Environmentalists stress on minimising carbon-dioxide emissions, noise as well as air pollution, in order to keep the environment clean. This move no doubt affects vehicle production as well as firm profitability. 2.3.2 Critical Success Factors (CSF) Johnson et al (2009) defined CSF as those product features that are particularly valued by a group of customers and, therefore, where the organisation must excel to outperform competition. CSF comprises; threshold features and differentiators. Source: Johnson et al (2009) CRITICAL SUCCESS FACTORS (CSF) THRESHOLD FEATURES DIFFERENTIATORS Threshold features These are features that the customer values mostly, and is not likely to buy a product or service that lacks one of them. Firm B, threshold features were; quality, performance, safety and size for all of its three vehicles; family-Boffo, economy-Buzzy and truck-Boss. Differentiators These are customised/added qualities which some customers may or may not consider before purchasing a service or products. Firm B regarded price, styling and interior as differentiators to its vehicles. Differentiators gave difficult moments when trying to distinguish what was preferred most, as many vehicles were similar to competitors after modifications had been made. Innovations are necessary for firms to meet CSF features and outwit their competitors through customer satisfaction. 2.3.3 Porters Five Forces Model The model was developed by Michael Porter in 1980 (Johnson et al, 2006). Since then, the model is applied by firms as a tool to analyse the profit potential while determining the intensity of competition (threats) of an industry, and finally coming up with the right strategies that will support in exploiting opportunities, neutralise threats and hence grow. Figure 3 Porters Five Competitive Forces Model SUPPLIER POWER Switching costs of firms in the industry Presence of substitute inputs Threat of forward integration Supplier concentration Importance of volume to supplier Impact of inputs on cost or differentiation Differentiation of inputs Cost relative to total purchase in industry BARRIERS TO ENTRY Government Policy Capital requirements Access to distribution Economies of scale Switching costs Proprietary learning curve Access to inputs Expected retaliation Brand identity Absolute cost advantages Proprietary products BUYER POWER Price sensitivity Threat of backward integration Substitutes available Bargaining leverage Buyer concentration vs industry Buyer information Buyer volume Buyers incentives Brand identity Product differentiation www.scribd.com DEGREE OF RIVALRY Brand identity Exit barriers Switching costs Product differences Industry growth Fixed cost/ value added Diversity of rivals Industry concentration Corporate stakes Intermittent overcapacity RIVALRY THREAT OF SUBSTITUTES Buyer inclination to substitute Switching costs Price-performance trade-off of substitutes Threat of New Entrants The threat of new entrants in automobile industry is low, since barriers to enter are very high, such as high start-up capital required. Moreover, adequate experience curve, distribution access, economies of scale, strong research and development (RD) and even brand and customer loyalty all of which the incumbents have. It therefore becomes difficult for new entrants to manage compared to incumbents. Bargaining Power of Suppliers Suppliers power in automobile industry is low, since producing a car/vehicle requires a range of inputs (parts) from diverse suppliers. If some inputs are not available in one source, they will be sought from another supplier due to low switching costs. Threat of Substitutes Substitute threats in this industry are likely to be moderate and depend much on customer geographical location. Other customers prefer walking, taking train or riding on a bike. But in Dar es Salaam city for example, people prefer public transport, motorcycles (BAJAJ, known as rickshaw in India) as alternative means to automobile due to increased congestion. Bargaining Power of Buyers In this industry, buyers power is a bit high. Low switching costs from one firm to another seeking for substitutes since most of the customers are price sensitive. For the case of the simulation game we played, most of the products were undifferentiated, so, buyers can easily shift to an alternative producer as well as products when seeking satisfaction. Competitive Rivalry The intensity of competition in automobile industry is high due to lack of strong differentiation strategy and innovation among incumbents, especially in the case of the three vehicle classes, i.e. family, economy and truck, because most of the firms use similar strategies like price; this reduces market growth as well as profitability. 2.3.4 SWOT- Opportunities and Threats Opportunities: Advanced technology Firms can use it more efficiently in enhancing product features that can appeal to the eyes of customers. Also use e-commerce to advertise and sell globally. Bargaining power of suppliers. Low supplier power is an advantage to automobile firms since they can set input prices, and hence be able to enjoy cost advantages while offering good quality products that will satisfy customers. European Union (EU) Automobile manufacturers can use the EU to sell their products. Diversification Diversification can be done to widen the market to other untapped segments like high income earners or go internationally and also locate the firms near raw materials sources where they can enjoy location economies. Differentiation strategy In order to sustain customers, after satisfaction has been met, differentiation strategy can be used as a weapon in delivering a range of added values that surpass those of competitors, since most of the firms use similar strategies. Threats: Bargaining power of buyers Strong bargaining power of buyers associated with low switching costs to alternative products, force suppliers to face an increased competition in order to provide the best that will satisfy their customers. Increased gas prices Gas being one of the operating energy, increased price will affect firms production as well as profitability e.g. in simulation that we played, period 1 $/gal was 3.15 rise to 3.50 in period 5. New laws New rules and regulations on carbon-dioxide emissions in environmental protection hinder production of cars that use petrol engines. World economic recession Recession discourages consumption of luxury goods, and streamlines production while people turn to public transports. High competition Initially, all firms in the StratSim industry were in similar position e.g. financially and other resources; however, this proved difficult when making decisions on how to create demand in order to enhance market shares as well as profits. Each firm was competing. Inflation Inflation started to increase in period 4 from 2.0% to 2.5%, this rise affected consumer prices. Fuel price instability. Rapid change in technology This poses a threat to vehicle production since other substitutes to vehicles may be produced. 2.4 Internal Analysis 2.4.1 Resources and Capabilities These are those which will create a strategic fit in order for the firm to survive and prosper even in a competitive business environment. Lucino Noto, (2007, p 125) Analyzing resources and capabilities: The interface between strategy and the firm THE FIRM Resources and Capabilities Goals and Values Structure and System STRATEGY THE INDUSTRY ENVIRONMENT Customers Competitors suppliers The firm-Strategy Interface The Environment-Strategy Interface Resources Organisation resources are divided into two categories (Johnson et al (2009); Tangible Resources These are firms physical assets. Firm B tangible resources were; Three vehicle classes, each of these represents a unique configuration while targeting different customer segments like value seekers, families, singles, high income and enterprisers (the StratSim Case, 2010). Financial resources, at period 0, each firm were given sales amounted to $ 15.5 billions (the StratSim case, 2010). Manpower, firm B had 4 competent human resources who made diverse valuable decisions and hence became twice the leader of economy car (Buzzy). Intangible Resources. These are non-physical resources such as; information, reputation and knowledge i.e. intellectual capital. (Johnson et al, 2008). Firm B holds a number of unique competences over its rivals. Firm B capabilities were; Quality. Safety. Performance. Style. Interior. 2.4.2 V.R.I.O Are criteria that are used to assess the sustainability of an organisations resources and capability that will enable the firm to achieve durable competitive advantage. V.R.I.O stands for Value, Rarity, Inimitability and Organisation. (Johnson et al, 2008). Value As the game started, firm B had enough resources and capabilities i.e. unique brand name that facilitated it in formulating and implementing different strategies to meet customer needs. But due to increased market demand, demand exceeded production throughout the periods as the firm lacked efficiency. Rareness At the beginning, all firms had a similar starting point which led them to have a low degree of rarity. This positioning by StratSim, made firm B to create more appealing strategies like vehicle enhancements and improvements in terms of its attributes which allowed it to come up with things which turned out to be less common among the firms. Inimitability During simulation game, product imitation was very high since previous results and almost all modifications and other statistics were openly published for other firms to see. This means that competitors could possibly copy other firms techniques. Organisation In StratSim industry, there were 7 firms producing identical vehicles, because they used similar strategies that lacked differentiation. Due to these, it therefore became easy for customers to switch from one firm to another if satisfactions were not yet met. 2.4.3 SWOT- SW SW is a tool that is used in identifying or analysing firms internal strengths and weaknesses and enables it to use the available strengths to minimise or turned those weaknesses to strengths. SW means Strengths and weaknesses. Strengths: Unique brand name Best Motor Works. Unique product names like Buzzy, Boffo, and Boss. Twice leader of Buzzy-Economy car, period 2 and 5. Reliable dealerships. Innovation, almost every decision period, firm B upgraded its vehicle attributes to meet emerging customer needs. Weaknesses: Weak financial position. Unstable growth of market shares. Limited product lines, this means that firm B did not exploit the available opportunities of unsatisfied and potential new customers to launch any new vehicle that would satisfy their needs. 3.0 Decisions 3.1 Technology Firm B upgraded its technology capabilities during decision periods considering dynamic business environment and customer tastes and preferences, while special attention was given to economy (Buzzy) and family (Boffo) cars. Investment in technology facilitated firm B in enhancing its production capacity as well as vehicle attributes that appealed to target customers and hence satisfying their emerging needs (see appendix 2.1) 3.2 Marketing Firm Bs marketing mix was to create leverage with customers and build strong brand loyalty which would enable customers purchase our products even in intense competition as in StratSim industry. Firm Bs unique selling price USP was quality. Quality being the key in our vehicle while charging premium price that enabled Buzzy (economy) car to become the leader in period 2 and 5. Despite this success, it was hard for firm B to survive in just a success of one car brand and become the market leader. Though the marketing mix was thoroughly applied by adding or reducing the number of dealers in each area, increasing dealer discounts and product promotions to attract customers, firm Bs market share was increased and decreased during decisions due to overspending and other factors. (For more marketing and distribution details for period 5, see appendix 2.2 2.3) 3.3 Finance During simulation, firm Bs financial performance was somehow weak despite a slight increase in sales ($). Net income was negative during period 2 and 5 results. It was discovered that one of the problems could possibly have been overspending, however, unit market share increased and total debts continued to decrease (Firm B financial and performance summary period 5, see appendix 3.0). 3.4 Production Throughout all the decision periods, production was increased as well as vehicle attributes to meet customer demand. Though Boss (truck) and Buzzy (economy) vehicles were upgraded in period 4, there were some shortages with regard to Boss vehicle model; this means that if the firm was given a chance to continue making decisions, it could probably increase production to meet the demand (see appendix 4.0). 4.0 Conclusion Firm Bs mission was to become the leader in automobile industry worldwide by offering highly innovative vehicles to diverse customer segments aiming at consistently satisfying their dynamic needs. Unfortunately, firm B did not meet its expectations. Though it became the leader twice in Buzzy (economy) car, this means that its strategies fit in the economy car brand market, having had success in one vehicle does not guarantee survival, and this is why firm Bs income and market share fluctuated. The firm was not yet pretty sure of what contributed to the unstable financial performance, though the firm speculated that overspending was one of the major problems. 4.1 What I Have Learned I learned that, in practical business, taking risks is only way to achieve success. In StratSim industry, for each time period, market research had identified some potential new customers whose needs were not yet satisfied by current vehicle (the StratSim case, 2010). But firm B overlooked this market potential to timely take advantage of launching new vehicle models in order to exploit these opportunities and hence increase its turnover and profit margins. 5.0 Reference and Bibliography: Johnson G, Scholes K, and Whittington R, (2006), Exploring Corporate Strategy, 7th Edition, Prentice Hall. Johnson G, Scholes K, and Whittington R, (2009), Exploring Corporate Strategy, Prentice Hall. Highfill D, Baki M, Copus S, Green M, Smith J and Whineland M, (November, 2004). Automotive Industry Analysis-GM, DaimlerChrysler, Toyota, Ford, Honda, overview of industry analysis, available at http://www.academicmind.com/unpublishedpapers/business/management/2004-11-000aaa-automotive-industry-analysis.html. Accessed on 19/11/1010. The StratSim Case (2010), Automobile industry. Lucino Noto, (2007), Analysing resources and capabilities: the interface between strategy and the firm, available at. http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/grant/files/CSAC05.pdf . Figure , Porters Five Forces Available at www.scribd.com/doc/16998313/Diagram-of-Porters. Accessed on 20/11/2010. 6.0 APPENDIXES: 1. DECISION SUMMARY FIRM B, FOR PERIOD 5 Product Development Dev Ctr Project Class Status Size HP Int Sty Saf Qua Curr Exp 1 Buzzy Economy upgr: launch Now 10 120 2 2 2 2 $275 2 Boss Truck upgr: launch Now 70 200 3 3 2 2 $275 3 (unused) Total (mill.) $551 Consumer Marketing Budget (mill.) Regional Corp. Adv. $48 Direct Mail $6 Public Relations $12 Total $66 Direct Mail Targets: Value Seekers(1), Families(2), High Income(4), Enterprisers(5) Product Marketing Vehicle Platform MSRP Dealer Disc. Adv. (mill.) Adv. Theme Promo. (mill.) Boffo No Change $20,400 15.0% $34 Safety $29 Boss Upgraded $20,499 13.0% $28 Perform $15 Buzzy Upgraded $11,550 12.0% $33 Quality $20 Total $95 $64 Plant Capacity Current Capacity (000s) 1,350 Capacity Change (000s) 0 Vehicle Production Vehicle Previous Sales (000s) Current Inventory (000s) Scheduled Production (000s) Flexible Production Retooling Costs (mill.) Boffo 646 25 671 X $0 Boss 200 *13 213 X $80 Buzzy 298 *109 345 X $123 Total 1,144 147 1,229 $203 *Vehicle being upgraded: this inventory will be written off. Be sure to produce enough to match forecast. Dealerships North South East West Total Dealer Inc./Dec. 10 9 11 12 42 Training and Support (mill.) $34 Financing Amount ($ mill.) Bonds Issued $0 Stock Issued $0 Dividends Paid $100 StratSim Ind:ind1 Firm:b Period 4 2. RESULTS FOR PERIOD 5 2.1 Technology Capabilities Period 5 Firm Ratings (1=low capability) Dev. Centers Interior Styling Safety Quality Max. Feasible 5 11 12 11 12 Firm A 3 4 6 4 7 Firm B 3 4 6 5 7 Firm C 2 4 7 6 6 Firm D 2 4 6 5 6 Firm E 2 6 8 6 8 Firm F 2 4 6 4 6 Firm G 3 5 8 7 9 Tech Dim Considerations Interior flexibility of cargo space Styling general curb appeal, styling, handling, finish Safety structural design, braking system, safety features Quality overall reliability, durability, consistency of products StratSim Ind:ind1 Firm:b Period 5 2.2 Marketing Detail Period 5 Consumer Budget (mill.) Company Owned /Fleet Budget (mill.) Regional Corp. Adv. $48 Direct Sales Force $0 Direct Mail $6 Direct Mail $0 Public Relations $12 Total $66 Total $0 Vehicle Val Mkt Share MSRP Dealer Disc. Avg Sell Price Adv. (mill.) Adv. Theme Promo. (mill.) Days Inv. Buzzy 2.4% $11,550 12.0% $10,572 $33 Quality $20 18 Boffo 9.4% $20,400 15.0% $18,749 $34 Safety $29 0 Boss 3.2% $20,499 13.0% $19,859 $28 Perform $15 0 Total $95 $64 StratSim Ind:ind1 Firm:b Period 5 2.3 Distribution Detail Period 5 North South East West Total Full Coverage 200 250 150 200 800 Established Dealers 137 137 133 133 540 Coverage 69% 55% 89% 67% 68% Planned Openings 10 9 11 12 42 Support/Dealer (000s) $150.6 $150.6 $153.2 $153.2 $151.9 Units/Dealer 2,187 2,284 2,389 2,756 2,401 Sales/Dealer (mill.) $36.9 $38.9 $40.2 $46.3 $40.5 Service/Dealer (mill.) $1.4 $1.5 $1.6 $1.7 $1.5 Gross/Dealer (mill.) $3.3 $3.6 $3.6 $4.1 $3.7 Dealer Rating 59 60 60 61 60 StratSim Ind:ind1 Firm:b Period 5 2.4 Product Contribution Period 5 Firm B Product Contribution Vehicle Units (000s) Dealer Sales (mill.) Direct Sales (mill.) COGS (mill.) Gross Margin (mill.) Adv Promo (mills.) After Mkting (mill.) Boffo 734 $12721 $0 $9797 $2924 $63 $2861 Boss 234 $4179 $0
Tuesday, August 20, 2019
2012 London Olympic Games Construction Essay
2012 London Olympic Games Construction Essay My report is based on the 2012 Olympic Games project in London, the selected contractor submitted detailed documentation and project details which were evaluated reviewed by the clients. All the documents deal with all type of administrative procedure, procurement strategy among others. The report also explained all items involved in the construction industry coming from the project history, the pre-construction and post-construction stage. This report will benefit the client as to the successful completion of the project due to organize administrative procedure of procurement strategy. 1.2 Project Brief or History The London 2012 Olympic Games, the Project Brief was a high level document that outlined the objectives and operational requirements for each project. As the project progressed through the different Royal Institute of British Architects (RIBA) stages of the design process, the brief was developed to form Initial Brief Design brief Project Brief The initial brief was used to set out the initial ODA requirements of the project and informed the development of the design through RIBA design stages A/B. It captured the data from the Project Initial Document and the London Organizing Committee of the Olympic Games and Paralympic Games (LOCOG) Venue Requirements and described what the Design team was required. The design brief defined what will be the next phase of the project that should be delivered and informed the RIBA Stages C/D. It focused on the technical requirements and the measurable criteria defined during Design development. The Project Brief The London 2012 Olympic Games projects are including 1 to 10 Milestone base as below Milestone -01, Construction of the Olympic Stadium Milestone -02, Construction of the Aquatics Centre Milestone -03, Construction of the Velodrome Milestone -04, Construction of the International Broadcast Centre/Main Press Centre(IBC/MPC) Milestone -05, Construction of the Handball and Basketball Arenas Milestone -06, Construction of the Lee Valley White Water Centre Milestone -07, Construction work on Eton Manor and the Royal Artillery Barracks Milestone -08, The External Structure of the Olympic Village Milestone -09, Construction of all Permanent Bridges Milestone -10, Construction work at Stratford Station Including the project photo Appendix -B Under the Project Brief, the following are included: Project Name- 2012 London Olympic games Project Value- à £9,298m-the Public Sector Funding Package Contract Period Construction took four years from 2007 to 2011. Project Procurement Method- design and build Awarded Main Contractor Name- Sir Robert McAlpine Barr Construction Carillion ISG Balfour Beatty Consultant Name : Architect Populous Wilkinson Eyre Architects KSS Design Group Hopkins Architects, Grant Associates Zaha Hadid Architects Structural and services engineers, Planning Buro Happold Expedition Engineering Hyland Edgar Driver Ove Arup Partners, BDSP SKM Savilles Hepher Dixon Project client IOC, LOCOG, ODA, Lee Valley Regional Park Authority, 02. Chapter 2.1. Identified Various People / Organisations London 2012 Olympic Games Organizations involved in key Project Stakeholders Olympic Delivery Authority : (OAD) The London Organizing Committee of the Olympics Games: (LOCOG) The Greater London Authority (GLA) British Olympic Association (BOA) The Government (MPA, 2006). And also in additional The Mayor of London Olympic Park Legacy Company London Development Agency (LDA) British Paralympic Association (BPA) The Olympic Board (OB) International Olympic Committee (IOC) International Paralympic Committee (IPC). Their main functions are to collectively advice and provide assurance to the board (MPA, 2006). These stakeholders have different perceptions as to what constitute success. While they all have different responsibilities towards the success of the game, their individual objectives has to be met. It is worth noting that their varying objectives were well reconciled as per the game. Shared understanding was created among them and reconciliation of objectives was easy because one of the predominant overarching aims of both the UK government and IOC for the games is sustainability among the Consultant, the main Contractor, the Sub-Contractor and the Supplier. The more details including the Appendix-A 2.2. Financing Structure/Final Cost The financing structures are two distinct aspects of the London 2012 Olympic Games, the preparation for the games by the ODA and LOCOG operational budget running the games. The Secretary of state for culture, media and sport announced, in an oral Statement to the house, that the budget for the preparation of the 2012 London Olympics had increased from an initial estimate budget of à £ 2.375 billion, at the time of the bid the estimated cost of the Games was à £4 billion: à £3 billion for the Olympic Park and an element for elite and community sport; and à £1 billion as part of the wider Lower Lea Valley regeneration (excluding tax and wider security costs). Following a review by the Government a revised funding cost was announced in March 2007 of à £9.325billion, as details below Table-01. The Budget as Announced for the Games on 15 March 2007 Item Description Amount Million (à £) 1 Core Olympic Costs -Olympic Delivery Authority(ODA) 3,081.00 2 Infrastructure and regeneration costs associated with the Olympic park and other venues 1,673.00 3 Contingency (Excluding Tax) 500.00 4 Total ( Net of Tax )(1+2+3) 5,254.00 5 Other (Non ODA),Olympic Cost 388.00 Other Provisions Policing and Wider Security 600.00 Tax (on ODA Costs) 836.00 General programme Contingency (including tax) 2,247.00 6 Total Provisions 3,683.00 Grand Total (4+5+6) 9,325.00 Overall Revised Budget 9,325.00 Table -01 The 2012 Olympic Games over-all budget (9.325 Billion (à £) were distributed to all stockholders and summarized as follows on Table-02. Public Funding Available Item Description Amount Billion (à £) 1 Exchequer 5.975 2 National Lottery 2.175 3 Greater London Authority 0.925 4 London Development Agency 0.250 Total Cost(1+2+3+4) 9.325 Table -02 However, on 24 March 2010, the Awarded budget was reduced to à £ 27m and breakdown as follows Table 03: Item Description Amount Million (à £) 1 Olympic Delivery Authority(ODA) ODA Base Cost Including VAT 6,100.00 Programme Contingency 968.00 Funders Contingency 1,004.00 Total Available to ODA 8,072.00 2 Non-Olympic Delivery Authority(ODA) Elite and Community Sports 290.00 Paralympic Games 66.00 Look of London 32.00 Security 600.00 Security Contingency 238.00 Total Non ODA 1,226.00 3 Total Public Sector Funding Package (1+2) 9,298.00 Overall Original Budget 9,298.00 Table -03 The 2012 Olympic Games over-all Revised budget (9.298 Billion (à £) were distributed to all stockholders and summarized as follows on Table-04. Sources of Funding Item Description Amount Billion (à £) 1 National Lottery 2.175 2 London (GLA and LDA) 0.875 3 Central Government 6.248 Total Cost(1+2+3) 9.298 Table -04 Unveiling the governments final quarterly budget update, the sports minister, Hugh Robertson, said that at a conservative estimate the final cost of the Games would be à £8.921billion against an overall original budget of à £9.298billion 2.3. Project Procurement Structure/Methodology The specific new construction of Olympic stadium, the project leadership has been established, and then the procurement method will be accepted. The project was procured on a design and build basis. A method where the contractor is responsible for undertaking both the design and the construction of the work in return for a lump sum price. There are variants on this option depending on the degree to which initial design is included in the clients requirements. Appointment of a contractor is often by two stages tendering, thus keeping a competitive element, but not expecting every tenderer to produce full proposals. The clients requirements can range from a simple accommodation schedule to a fully worked out scheme design, but generally should be matched by the contractors proposal For design and build procurement there are three main types of contract: Package Deal or Turnkey Contract Design and Build Contracts Contractors Design Obligations Contractors Design for Specific Elements Only The project procurement plan includes the following: Sourcing materials with low embodied carbon Minimizing waste at source, promoting use of secondary materials Policies on eco Ecologically sensitive materials: e.g Timber and Food Ethical procurement and fair employment Sourcing healthy materials and ensuring health and safety on site (ODA, 2009:1) The procurement plan is being implemented by a rigorous procurement process. All partners and collaborators will have to meet individual and overall criteria in order to contribute to the successful outcome of the plan. This will have to be made visible through product and service supply, engagement in relevant projects, promotion of behavioral change, consumers, employees and supply chains (ODA, 2009). 2.4. Main Forms of Construction Contract/Tender Document The New Engineering Contract (NEC) was used to facilitate all the necessary documents during the bidding and awarding stage. Both parties, the Client and the Contractor, agreed and closed the project based on the NEC contract. The NEC3 suite of contracts was selected because it provided the following key attributes in response to ODA, s Requirements. A flexible approach, providing a range of contract solutions relative to the level of design information available and procurement option being considered. The pro-active management of risk as an inherent and fundamental element of the entire contract forms. A collaborative approach supporting timely delivery, which is fundamental to ODA. Full visibility of cost (Except under option a contracts), supporting effective programme budget management. ODA has number of obligations under the London Olympic Games Act 2006, particularly around risk, brand protection and stakeholder rights, which necessitated changes to the standard NEC3 Contract Forms. These changes included, Additional collateral warranties for key interested parties Restrictions in change of ownership of tier 1 contractors Enhanced conflict of interest provisions Items NEC3 Contract and Option Usage Rationale 1 Engineering and Construction Contract Option- C (Target contract with activity schedule) Major and complex venues and infrastructure Target price was best fit to developing specification 2 Engineering and Construction Contract Option- A ( Priced contract with activity schedule) Other venues Designs were firm allowing cost certainty 3 Term Service Contrcat Option -A ( Priced contract with activity schedule) Logistics and security contracts Pricing schedules accommodated required flexibility in both volume of services required and scale ( through enhanced services schedules) The New Engineering Contract 2005 version 3 Engineering and Construction Contract recommends that the various methods of specifying the works should be adopted Option A C Activity Schedule Option B D Bill of Quantities Option E F A traditional Specifications or drawing The Olympic Delivery Authority used procurement through e-procurement system and methodology, particularly an evaluation system to enable delivery of its policy objectives and ambitions as follows: Sustainability and Legacy Design and Accessibility Equality and Inclusion Employment and Skills Health, Safety and Security Delivery of London Olympic Stadium in Time, Cost and Quality Tender documentations are: Activity schedule Method statement Working drawing BOQ Quantified Specification Work Schedules ( the word Item denotes pricing) Specification + Contract Sum Analysis or Schedule of Rates 03. Chapter 3.1. Construction Technology Challenges The London 2012 Olympic Games project was constructed with many construction challenges and new construction technologies. Some of which are as follows : Low-carbon concrete with 40 percent less embodied carbon was used for concreting structures. Surplus gas pipes were used to build the top ring of the Stadium. Recycled containers were used as toilet facilities. Demolished existing structures were placed on top of the ground that served as a solid base for the construction. To reduce the loads on the project, 75 percent lightweight steel materials were utilized in the construction. As part of the landscaping works. 500,000 plants were planted in the Olympic Parks wetland areas Due to new technologies that were adopted, only 10,000 tons of steel were used. Tensile roofings were used as to cover the ground bowl-like stadium. The project settled at 2,821 feet perimeter land and stands at 197 feet high. The Delivery Partner was comprised of three construction industry leaders, who were responsible for the construction of all new venues and infrastructure needed for the London 2012 Olympic and Paralympic Games. The Olympic Park will house nine state-of-the-art venues including the Olympic stadium, velodrome and aquatics center. New Technology was used to fast track the project and attained the completion date of the Project. As the time is the essence, the constructions were done on a 24 hour basis as the design required new methodology to meet the criteria of the Project Specifications Methodological challenges that are anticipated include: Achieving adequate coverage of project-level evaluations, within the bounds of practicality, across legacy and sub-legacy themes, geography, demographics, project size/type etc; The complexity of the task and the interdependencies that exist between outcomes and impacts of different projects and programmes; The aggregation and synthesis of different measures and indicators, which may also be of varying quality; Assessing the impact and additionality of interventions in a consistent fashion; Ensuring value for money and benefits are being measured or estimated using credible evidence; Measuring intangible impacts using experimental measures such as subjective well-being and through custom techniques such as media content analysis; Measuring wider strategic impacts and added value generated through coordination of the organisations involved in planning and delivering legacy 3.2. Health and Safety Records/Achievement The HSE has published the first in a series of research reports on the London 2012 Olympics as part of a concerted effort to circulate the health and safety lessons learned from the Stratford project among the wider construction industry. There are so many magnificent aspects of London 2012 when it comes to Safety issues and this was achieved through the excellent safety record, especially during the construction phase. The park was built with zero construction fatalities. It shows the approaches to gain a good occupational Safety and Health. Some of the achievements are as follows: The Royal Society for the Prevention of Accidents (RoSPA) honored the Olympic Delivery Authority in a ceremony. More than 12,500 workers helped construct the venues and the Big Build of the site was hailed as the safest construction of an Olympic Stadium. The Executive started working with the Olympic Delivery Authority (ODA) soon after London was awarded the 2012 Olympic and Paralympic Games and set out clear targets of what standards were expected, encouraging strong leadership and sharing of good practice. Up to this month, the HSE has received reports of only 114 injuries and eight dangerous occurrences that occurred during the projects 66 million hours of work. And also the ODAs commitment to health and safety has been recognised by the British Safety Council (BSC) with its 5-star award, following an independent, rigorous audit of the ODAs health and safety management system and processes, in which the ODA received a score of 98 per cent. The ODA was also awarded the Sword of Honour, one of the most prestigious international health and safety accolades that an organization can receive, which is designed to encourage and reward organizations that work to best practice. All applicants must have already received 5 stars from the BSC 04. Chapter 4.1. Conclusion Based on the above submission, it can be concluded that the Construction of the facilities needed for the 2012 London Olympic Games were successfully done and completed to the satisfaction of the Client. This achievement was due to the following: Thorough evaluation of the Project Requirements as reviewed and evaluated by the Client. An organized procurement strategy within the UK and International market environments. Teamwork and coordination among the stakeholders Utilizing the familiar form of contract in UK Proper implementation of all construction methodology accepted in the construction industry. Proper planning and implementation to meet the required completion date. Utilizing new construction technologies and materials. Likewise, a complete record for health and safety were properly organized. A strict implementation of a Safety Plan were followed resulting to no fatalities or major injuries recorded. With respect to the financial aspect of the project, variation orders and cost were not clearly indicated as this will have a big impact on the total and final cost of the project involved. Nevertheless, the over-all aspect of the report can be recommended as it clearly shows that all necessary strategies and construction methodology will have a successful outcome as expected by the client specifically the completion of the project as per the time schedule, work quality and project cost. 05. Chapter 5.1. Bibliography Olayide Mutiu Adedeji, Senior Quantity Surveyor, February 20,2013 Company : CEG International Contact : Tel- +974-44551188 Fax +974-44551144 E-Mail: [emailprotected] Web: www.ceg-qatar.com Post: P.O. Box -3973, Doha Qatar Mohamed Azhar, Senior Quantity Surveyor, February 22,2013 Company : CEG International Contact : Tel +974-44551188 Fax +974-44551144 E-Mail: [emailprotected] Web: www.ceg-qatar.com Post: P.O. Box -3973, Doha Qatar Elajun E. Custodio, Civil Engineer, March 20,2013 Company : CEG International Contact : Tel- +974-44551188 Fax +974-44551144 E-Mail: [emailprotected] Web: www.ceg-qatar.com Post: P.O. Box -3973, Doha Qatar Mahmud Anees Senior Quantity Surveyor, March 15,2013 Company : KESO Contact : E-Mail: anees @yahoo.com Web: www.ceg-qatar.com Post: P.O. Box -3973, Doha Qatar
Monday, August 19, 2019
Before The Law :: Short Story Stories Essays
Before The Law BEFORE THE LAW stands a doorkeeper. To this doorkeeper there comes a man from the country and prays for admittance to the Law. But the doorkeeper says that he cannot grant admittance at the moment. The man thinks it over and then asks if he will be allowed in later. "It is possible," says the doorkeeper, "but not at the moment." Since the gate stands open, as usual, and the doorkeeper steps to one side, the man stoops to peer through the gateway into the interior. Observing that, the doorkeeper laughs and says: "If you are so drawn to it, 'just try to go in despite my veto. But take note: I am powerful. And I am only the least of the doorkeepers. From hall to hall there is one doorkeeper after another, each more powerful than the last. The third doorkeeper is already so terrible that even I cannot bear to look at him." These are difficulties the man from the country has not expected; the Law, he thinks, should surely be accessible at all times and to everyone, but as he now takes a c loser look at the doorkeeper in his fur coat, with his big sharp nose and long, thin, black Tartar beard, he decides that it is better to wait until he gets permission to enter. The doorkeeper gives him a stool and lets him sit down at one side of the door. There he sits for days and years. He makes many attempts to be admitted, and wearies the doorkeeper by his importunity. The doorkeeper frequently has little interviews with him, asking him questions about his home and many other things, but the questions are put indifferently, as great lords put them, and always finish with the statement that he cannot be let in yet. The man, who has furnished himself with many things for his journey, sacrifices all he has, however valuable, to bribe the doorkeeper. The doorkeeper accepts everything, but always with the remark: "I am only taking it to keep you from thinking you have omitted anything." During these many years the man fixes his attention almost continuously on the doorkeeper. He forgets the other doorkeepers, and this first one seems to him the sole obstacle preventing access to the Law. He curses his bad luck, in his early years boldly and loudly; later, as he grows old, he only grumbles to himself.
Sunday, August 18, 2019
Severe Burns: Neutrophil and Complement Levels Essay -- Medicine
Mortality rate in burn patients continues at a steady 5-10%, 75% of those deaths are related to sepsis (2). In order to understand why, we must elucidate the nature of the innate immune system in these patients. The innate immune system is the first line defense versus pathogens from the outside world. Burn patients receive a double hit to their first line defenses due to the nature of thermal injury to tissue. The skin barrier is breached, the inflammation begins, and though the numbers of neutrophils increases substantially in response to the elevations in compliment activation at the tissue level (1), it seems that the behavior of these neutrophils is aberrant (2). Neutrophils in burn patients were found to be impaired in their ability to adhere, phagocytose, and kill off pathogens via the oxidative burst. Additionally, they were found to have decreased migration speed with abnormal directionality in response to chemoattractants (2). One study suggested that neutrophils in burn pa tients became desensitized to C5a. In the rich inflammatory cytokine milieu, which develops after a severe burn, complement levels increase dramatically, but neutrophils downregulate their C5a receptors and their migratory directional speed decreases (3). This is the perfect situation for the wandering pathogen to invade and sneak past the bodyââ¬â¢s defenses in the chaos of a massive breach in security. Three studies are presented here to describe the relationship between complement and neutrophils in the severely burned patient. Van de Goot et al. demonstrated that plasma complement levels initially decreased, then rose sharply and stayed elevated for months afterward. Complement levels correlated with the severity of the burn wound and subsequent sc... ...enter around how to control the inflammatory response to the thermal injury such that wound healing occurs more quickly with less scarring, while preserving the patientsââ¬â¢ ability to fight infectious agents with normal neutrophil responses. Works Cited 1. Van de Goot et al. Acute Inflammation is Persistent Locally in Burn Wounds: A Pivotal Role for Complement and C-Reactive Protein. Journal of Burn Care and Research 2009; 30:274-280. 2. Butler KL, Ambravaneswaran V, Agrawal N, Bilodeau M, Toner M, et al. (2010) Burn Injury Reduces Neutrophil Directional Migration Speed in Microfluidic Devices. PLoS ONE 5(7): e11921. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0011921 3. Solomkin JS, Nelson RD, Chenoweth DE, Solem LD, Simmons RL. Regulation of Neutrophil Migratory Function in Burn Injury by Complement Activation Products. Annals of Surgery 1984; Vol 200 No. 6: 742-746.
Plagiarism :: Cheating Internet Computers Essays
Plagiarism The Internet, what a wonderful place. The Internet connects people across the world, provides the world with vast amounts of easily accessible information, and keeps everyone connected. At first glance, you wouldnà ¦Ã t notice any outlying problems with this seemingly brilliant creation of the 20th century. On closer look, however, a major problem has arisen. That problem is called plagiarism. Plagiarism is loosely defined as: to steal and pass off the ideas or words of another as oneà ¦Ã s own, to use without crediting the source. There is an abundance of free information on the Internet, and regulations for its use, which canà ¦Ã t easily be enforced. Consider who uses the Internet for research and study purposes, college students, who have many papers to write. Plagiarism is high among students of all levels, because ità ¦Ã s the easy way out. Disciplinary action in regards to plagiarism is so infrequently taken, especially on the college level, th at plagiarism isnà ¦Ã t being taken too seriously. There are some universities, however, that are taking it seriously, and immediate action has taken place. On the whole, plagiarism is a serious offense, and steps need to be taken in order to control the use of the information on the Internet. When it comes to the Internet, plagiarism is high among high school and college students for a number of reasons. For starters, the Internet is a relatively new phenomenon, only in the past ten to fifteen years have we been using it for research. Other methods of research have been around for hundreds of years, and thus they have specific guidelines for their use, there are rules about citation and creating bibliographies. I have yet to see a specific, all-inclusive format for citing or recognizing an Internet source. Cheating and plagiarizing have also become less serious offenses to the majority of youth during our time. For example, The State of Americans: This Generation and the next (Free Press, July 1996) reported that in 1969, only 58.3% of high school age students allowed other students to copy from them, while in 1989, 97.5% allowed this to happen. That startling statistic demonstrates these offenses have unacceptably increased over the years.
Saturday, August 17, 2019
Educational Reform in the Philippines
The Giant planets Lesson 8. 8 Introduction: Gas giants fall into different categories. So-called ââ¬Å"traditionalâ⬠gas giants include Jupiter. Jupiter is such a classic example of a gas giant that gas giants are often referred to as Jovian planets despite the fact that some gas giants ,ice giants for instance are very different from Jupiter. Traditional gas giants have high levels of hydrogen and helium. Another category of gas giants is ice giants. Ice giants are also composed of small amounts of hydrogen and helium; however, they have high levels of what are called ââ¬Å"ices. These ices include methane, water, and ammonia. I. Objectives: A. Identify the different kinds of giants planet B. Explain the structure of the giants planets II. Learning Content: There are four gas giants in our Solar System: Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune. As noted, Jupiter is a traditional gas giant. Saturn is also a traditional gas giant. However, Uranus and Neptune are ice giants. Their b lue color is due to the large amounts of methane in the planets. All of the gas giants in our Solar System have planetary ring system, and they are all much larger than the terrestrial planets in the Solar System. All of the gas giants in our Solar System also have many moons. Again, Jupiter holds the record with 63à moons discovered so far. Outer Planets For the outer planets, the division is more distinct, with the inner two gas giants, Jupiter and Saturn being quite different in many ways from the outer two gas giants, Uranus and Neptune. In terms of size, Saturn, with a diameter of 120,000km is not a world away from Jupiter, with a 142,000km diameter. However the other two planets, Uranus and Neptune have diameters of ââ¬Ëonly' 51,800km and 50,000km respectively ââ¬â roughly the size of the core of Saturn or Jupiter. This large size difference is responsible for many other differences between the two groups, for instance Jupiter and Saturn both have sufficiently high internal pressures to ââ¬Ësqueeze' large quantities of Hydrogen into a metallic state in their cores, whilst Uranus and Neptune can produce only a tiny fraction of this amount. As a consequence, their magnetic fields are much smaller than those of Saturn and Jupiter, whose magnetic fields are generated in large part thanks to electrical currents moving through this material. JUPITER| SATURN| URANUS| Diameter| 142,600 km| Average Distance from Sun| 778,412,010 km| Mass| 1. 90 x 1027 kg| Size compared to Earth| 11x| Gravity compared to Earth| 2. 34x| Surface Temperature| 165 K| Length of day| 9 hours 50 minutes| Length of year| 11. 84 years| Eccentricity of Orbit| 0. 048| Density| 1. 33 gm/cm3| Moons| 63| Atmosphere| Hydrogen ââ¬â 90% Helium ââ¬â 10% Traces of Methane & Ammonia| | Diameter| 120,200 km| Average Distance from Sun| 1,427 million km| Mass| 5. 68 x 1026 kg| Size Compared to Earth (Diameter)| 9x| Gravity compared to Earth| 0. 93x| Cloud-Top Temperature| -180à °C| Length of Day| 10 hours 14 mins| Length of Year| 29. 46 Earth years| Eccentricity of Orbit| 0. 056| Moons| 30+| Density| 0. 70gm/cm3| Atmosphere| Hydrogen ââ¬â 94% Helium ââ¬â 6% Traces of Methane, Ammonia & Water Vapour| | Diameter| 51,800 km| Average Distance from Sun| 2,871 million km 19. 2AU| Mass| 8. 68 x 1025 kg| Size compared to Earth (Diameter)| 4x| Gravity compared to Earth| 0. 79x| Surface temperature| -210à °C| Length of Day| 17 hours 14 mins(Retrograde)| Length of Year| 84. 01 Earth years| Eccentricity of Orbit| 0. 046| Moons| 21| Density| 1. 30gm/cm3| Atmosphere| Hydrogen ââ¬â 85% Helium ââ¬â 13% Methane ââ¬â 2%| | Diameter| 49,528 km| Average Distance from Sun| 4,501 million km| Mass| 1. 02 x 1026kg| Size compared to Earth| 3. 8x| Gravity compared to Earth| 1. 2x| Cloud-Top Temperature| -220à °C| Length of Day| 16. 11 hours| Length of Year| 164. 8 Earth years| Eccentricity of Orbit| 0. 009| Moons| 8| Density| 1. 76 gm/cm3| Atmosphere| Hydrogen ââ¬â 85% Helium ââ¬â 13% Methane ââ¬â 2%| Test yourself A. Write the word/s describe in each number. ______________1. Planets had 63 moons ______________2. It is a large planet in a solar system _____________ 3. Planets had eight moons ______________4. Roman God of Agriculture ______________5. A Dwarf among Giants planet B. Write true if the statement is correct and if it is false write the correct word above the underlined concept. _______________1. Jovian planet refers to the Roman god Jupiter _______________2. Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune are often called ââ¬Å"Gas Giants _______________3. Giant planets had a coldness atmosphere _______________4. Uranus has an extreme tilt that causes its seasons to be severely marked. _______________5. Hot Jupiter also called roaster planets. Written report In Astronomy Submitted by: Marilyn G. Habla Rodel Hererra BEED CC3A
Friday, August 16, 2019
MCGEE Cake Company Essay
Introduction The McGee Cake Company has been in business since early 2005. The company is a sole proprietorship. They produce a variety of full line cakes and other cake including cheesecake, lemon pound cake, and double-iced, double-chocolate cake. In the past several years, the company has experienced sales increases due to features in magazines and this led to the company receiving orders from all over the world. Doc and Lyn McGee both had regular jobs and formed the company mainly due to outside interest. However, with the increase in sales and demand for their product worldwide they both quite their regular jobs and hired additional staff to handle the influx of the recent demands. The company still faced issues with cash flow and capacity and the company continued to produce as many product as its assets would allow. The demand for the goods and services have become to great for their current infrastructure and the company is looking for business options (Ross, Westerfield, & Jordan, 2013). As mentioned previously, the company is currently operating as a sole proprietorship. According to our text, a sole proprietorship is a business owned by one person and itââ¬â¢s the simplest business to start and it the least regulated form of organization. The McGeeââ¬â¢s keep all the profits in this type of business. However, the owner has unlimited liability which means creditors can look beyond business assets to personal assets for payment of debts. Sole proprietorship are limited to the ownerââ¬â¢s life span which means which in the end hampers the business able to exploit new opportunities (Ross, Westerfield, & Jordan, 2013, p. 14). A limited liability corporation (LLC) operates and is taxed like a partnership but retain the limited liability for owners, basically making it a hybrid of a partnership and corporation. The Internal Revenue Service maintains oversight of LLC operations and if a business does not meet certain criteria it will be faced with double taxation penalties (Ross, Westerfield, & Jordan, 2013, p. 6). There are several advantages and disadvantages of changing the McGee Cake Company from a sole proprietorship to a corporation. A corporation is the most important form of business in the Unites States. Itââ¬â¢s a business created as a distinct legal entity composed of one of more individuals orà entities. Personal assets are protected from lawsuits and debt collections. Corporations can borrow money, be sued, and even be a general or limited partner in a partnership owning stock in other corporations. A disadvantage is a corporation is legal person; it is not exempt from taxes. The corporation profits are taxed twice: once at the corporate level when they are earned and again at the personal level when they are paid out (Ross, Westerfield, & Jordan, 2013, pp. 5-6). Conclusion Based on the information provided by the McGee Cake Company and the recent expansion of their business. I think the best type of business for their new growth would be a limited liability corporation (LLC). In a LLC, members are protected from personal liability for business decisions or actions of the LLC. This means that if the LLC incurs debt or is sued, membersââ¬â¢ personal assets are usually exempt which is similar to the liability protections afforded to shareholders of a corporation. Lastly, the start up costs for a LLC will not ââ¬Å"break the bankâ⬠and they can be easy to operate (www.sba.gov/content/limited-liability-corporation-llc). References Ross, S. A., Westerfield, R. W., & Jordan, B. D. (2013). Fundamentals of Corporate Finance. New York, NY, USA: McGraw-Hill Irwin. www.sba.gov/content/limited-liability-corporation-llc. (n.d.). Retrieved May 10, 2014, from U.S. Small Business Administration: www.sba.gov
Thursday, August 15, 2019
The Unique Architecture of Taj Mahal and Symbolism
Have you ever wondered how it will be like going to place that filled with love, passion, and peace that have been in this world for around 4 centuries? Everyone has seen the photograph of this beautiful monument and it is called the Tax Mall. Tax Mall is Indian's most famous architectural wonder and also one of the most beautiful work of art. Tax Mall is now located in the heart of Agar, India. Tax Mall stands on the bank on river Yamaha. Tax Mall is said to be one of the Seven Wonders of the World. Tax Mall is one of the beautiful places in India.It's most beautiful buildings, ardent and of course the beautiful tomb attracts many visitors from all over the world. The Tax is undoubtedly one of the most spectacular buildings of the world. Tax Mall, a tomb in India, considered as one of the most beautiful building that man ever created in the world. The Tax Mall meaner, ââ¬Å"Crown palaceâ⬠. It was built in the year 1631, and it was a tribute to him wife Mutual Mall a Muslim Per sian princess. Shah Johan, the fifth emperor was born on October 15, 1592, on the boarder of the Tar Desert.Johan climbed to the throne in 1628 soon after his father had died. Shah Johan was married to a Persian princess Mutual Mall at the age of sixteen. Both of them had to wait approximately 5 years to get married. Mutual Man's maiden name was changed from Argument Bank to Mutual Mall, which is very common in India after a loyal woman is married. Johan never wanted to be away from Mutual but Mutual always tried to engage with the citizens in Agar. Mutual was very generous, supportive and very helpful towards Shah Johan as well.In the nineteenth year of their marriage, Mutual was about to give birth to her fourteenth child in Bureau Purr when Mutual had complication. Mutual Mall died in A. D. 1629. Johan was there in Bureau Purr for a military crusade and Mutual was there for support. Johan was over whelmed with sorrows of Mutual death. In the early sass's there was an emperor name d Shah Johan the fifth emperor in India. Shah Johan became miserable and depressed. Shah Johan reportedly locked himself in a room and refused drink and food for about eighty days.According to the legend, when he finally came out his black beard was completely white. In the last minute of Mutual death, Mutual extracted four promises. First, that he build the Tax Mall; second, hat he should marry again; third, that he be kind to their children; and finally the forth, that he visit the tomb on her death anniversary. And history states that he kept the first and the second promise, which was to build Tax Mall and that he should get married again. Shah Johan then wanted to fulfill his wife first promise.He made preparation for the construction of Tax Mall. The construction began in A. D. 1631. The building stared to build about 1632 and was completed by 1643 and the surrounding compounds of the building and gardens were completed by 1653. The Tax Mall is sited on the south part of the r iver Yamaha. There were approximately twenty thousand employees working on the project and they worked really hard day and even night. The architects came from India, Persia, Central Asia, and beyond to make plans and preparations. The material came from various part of India.Material did not Just come from India; it also came from Afghanistan, Egypt, and from many other countries. The materials were really rare and it included Jewelries and crystal, jade, amber and many other valuable treasures. They also picked up treasures from the Indian Ocean, rare shells, coral, pearl. Poppas, onyxes, garnets, sapphires, bloodstone, and forty-three types of gems. The white marble was imported from Restaurants, the Jasper from Punjab and the Jade and crystal from China. They also dug up marbles from the hills in the southwest in Jasper in Restaurants.In order to transport the marble, a ten-mile long ramp of tamped earth was built through Agar and elephants and bullock carts dragged the marbles to the building site. Over one- thousand elephants were used to transport building materials during the time of construction. The first building to be constructed was the tomb. The construction started in 1632. The tomb stands cross the garden from all the main gateways. It is built on a raised platform. The tomb stands in the garden and the garden in measured about 1,900 feet by 1,000 feet. The garden is a Muslim symbol of paradise.The surrounding compounds of the building, gardens and the main gateway were completed by 1653. The tomb is positioned on the southern part of the river Yamaha. The tomb is mainly made out of white marble. The building itself is 186 feet square. A large bulb-shaped like a dome is about 187 feet high and 70 feet in diameter, and it ices over the center with four other small domes surrounding on four corners of the building. On each side of the tomb stands four minaret and its purpose is to center the structure and they are about 133 feet high.The small do mes are often referred to as minarets or towers. The side of the towers there is Redstone building, which is a mosque (a building that serves as the main place for Muslims). The visitors come to the Tax Mall through a magnificent red stone gate, decorated with education from the Muslim Holy Bible called ââ¬Å"Quartâ⬠. The gate also contains a beautiful, geometrically laid out garden on each side. The main gate is across from the tomb structure and it is 150 feet wide and almost 100 feet tall. The inside of the Tax Mall, the tomb of Shah Khan's beloved wife Mutual Mall.The tomb stands at the center of an octagonal hall. Slightly near the tomb of Mutual Mall lies the tomb of Shah Johan who died in 1666. Both tombs are elaborately fined with semiprecious stones. The stones are clarified by sunlight filtering through richly craved marble screen that is also studded with Jewels. Tax Mall also known as the ââ¬Å"tomb of light. â⬠In order to get to the tomb, a person would hav e to walk through many hallways. This is for beauty and to keep out any unnecessary gate climbers. Many Hindu followers pass through the tomb asking for blessing from the queen's spirit.After praying to the queen, they also pray to the emperor Shah Johan. (ââ¬Å"The Penguin guide to the monuments of Indiaâ⬠) The Tax Mall is Indian's most well known structure, and the most beautiful piece of architecture in the world. According to the history, a Turkish Architect built the Tax Mall. The laborers' were engineers, carvers, artists, calligraphers, architects, and craftsmen of all sorts and a verity of common laborers. This architecture is put together of tomb, mosque, gardens, gateways, and fountains.The architect's name is unknown but it is clear that talent came from many part of the Muslim and western part of the world came together in Agar to work on the tomb. The main designer of the Tax Mall was the emperor Shah Johan, but Johan was helped by lot of other men in the world. I ts believed that the architects was an engineer and an astrologers from Persia named Mohamed, but the true architect was a mystery for the world. After the construction, Shah Johan order that every employees' ands should be cut off because Shah Johan never wanted them to built another building again.The Tax Mall, also known as one of the seventh wonders of the world, was created under the emperor Shah Johan; Tax Mall is an exaggerated building Shah Johan built this formation to celebrate his departed wife, Mutual Mall. This enormous creation is beautiful both inside as well as inside the Tax Mall. Johan also felt that the structure would help the citizens of Agar to be more pleased. Shah Johan fell into deep depression after Mutual died and Johan wanted to build something for his bellowed wife, so everyone in the India would know how he emperor felt. The Tax Mall symbolizes the love that Johan had for Mutual Mall.The Tax Mall still has effect on today humankind with tourism. Thousan ds of thousands people visit Tax Mall daily to see the beauty of the creation of Shah Johan and to see how love could have an effect on people life. People go there to see how these outstanding buildings and gardens and they also learn how Tax Mall came to be. The power of one man, it came all true by fulfilling Khan's wife Matzo's promise. The love that emperor Shah Johan had for Khan's wife Mutual has lasted for centuries. And no wonder it is called one of the seventh wonders of the world.The Tax Mall shows how the loss of one man's love can influence the whole world. The gift of Shah Johan and every people who helped to design touched India and the world. ââ¬Å"Online Trip to the Tax Mallâ⬠, by Architecture Week, Architecture Week No. 38, 2001. 0214, . 1. Davies, Philip. The Penguin guide to the monuments of India, Volvo II. London: Viking, 1989. Tagged, Christopher. The History of Architecture in India. London: Phaeton Press, 1990. Http://www. Plainclothesmen. Com/tax-mall /tax-architecture. HTML http://library. Thinkers. Org/27638/Tasmania. HTML
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